Aplicabilidade das limitações previstas no art. 63, §1º do Código de Processo Civil em contraposição à autonomia das partes para formular negócios jurídicos processuais

Resumo

This study examines the applicability of the limitations introduced by Law 14.879/2024 to Article 63, §1 and §5, of the Brazilian Code of Civil Procedure, particularly regarding the parties’ autonomy to establish choice-of-forum clauses as procedural legal acts. The research explores the tension between the public nature of civil procedure and the principle of private autonomy, focusing on the new requirement of pertinence between the chosen venue, the parties’ domicile, or the place of the obligation. To address this issue, the study analyzes the relevant constitutional principles, the theory of procedural agreements — especially through the work of Antônio do Passo Cabral —, and the rules of jurisdiction in Brazilian procedural law. It also evaluates the practical effects of the legislative amendment, including the classification of random forum selection as an abusive practice subject to ex officio judicial control. Additionally, recent case law from the Superior Tribunal of Justice and the Court of the Federal District is examined to illustrate the early interpretative divergences related to abusive forum selection, the impact on the traditionally relative nature of territorial jurisdiction, and the temporal applicability of the new statutory regime. The study concludes that although the amendment seeks to protect public interest and judicial organization, it substantially restricts party autonomy and reshapes the doctrinal understanding of territorial competence. Nonetheless, the practical implementation of these changes will depend on further jurisprudential consolidation capable of reconciling the new legal framework with the fundamental principles of Brazilian civil procedure.

Ficha do documento

Tipo

Outro

Ano

2025

Instituição

Fundação Getulio Vargas

Fonte

Repositório da FGV

Idioma

Português

Acesso

Acesso aberto

Identificador

oai:repositorio.fgv.br:10438/38287

Palavras-chave

Processo civilConvenções processuaisCláusula de eleição de foroCivil procedureProcedural agreementsChoice-of-forum clausesDireitoClausulasJurisprudência