Qualidade x desempenhomito ou realidade?

Resumo

Several studies analyzed the quality management contribution to the firms’ financial performance, conducted by either academics or consultant firms interested in demonstrate the relationship between quality and superior performance. Although its promoters publicize the advantages of quality management, the body of empirical researches relating quality management and performance produced mixed results. In the most part, these studies used data from American or European companies; in Brazil, this field of research is still incipient. Beyond comparing the financial performance of a sample of firms which effectively adopt the quality management against a set of others firms of the same economic sectors, this study evaluated the performance evolution of the sample companies, in a long-term framework (10 years), comparing their results in the quality post-implementation period with the results already obtained in the early period. As the proxy to the effective adoption of quality management the research considered a sample of 33 companies distinguished as award recipients or finalists of the Brazilian National Quality Award (Prêmio Nacional da Qualidade – PNQ). The financial performance was measured by growth, profitability and market value. These financial data were collected in a set of data banks including Balanço Anual from Gazeta Mercantil, Economática, and the Annual Industrial Surveys from Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). To isolate the effect of the economic sectors, the indicators were standardized according to a relationship among the performance of the sample firms, the sector performance and the variance of the sector performance. In total, 12,010 observations from 2,624 companies (33 from the study sample and 2,591 from the economic sectors) were collected, from 1987 to 2006. In the first stage of the methodology, the performance of each firm in the sample was summarized by means of linear regressions, resulting, to each case, in two coefficients that characterized the performance. A linear coefficient represents the performance in the period midpoint, whereas the angular coefficient represents the increasing rate of the performance in the same period. Afterwards, parametric (t tests) and non-parametric (Wilcoxon tests for related samples and sign tests) analyses were conducted for the whole sample data. The results showed the profitability as the only dimension of financial performance where the firms in the study sample obtained a superior performance when compared with their economic sectors; otherwise evidence was not found that performance in the post-implementation period is superior to the implementation period. A conjoint analysis of these two findings provide evidences of a covariation, and not causation, link between quality and financial performance. The conclusions presented the main implications of the research, emphasizing the formulation of possible hypothesis in order to understand the causes of the findings. Among the most important stands out the hypothesis that relating quality and the lack of innovation capability, and that evaluate quality management using the theory of the resource-based view (RBV).

Ficha do documento

Tipo

Dissertação

Ano

2007

Instituição

Fundação Getulio Vargas

Fonte

Repositório da FGV

Idioma

Português

Acesso

Não informado

Identificador

oai:repositorio.fgv.br:10438/2250

Temas

Dados

Palavras-chave

QualityFinancial performanceQuality awardResource-based viewEmpirical researchQualidadeDesempenho financeiroPNQVisão baseada em recursosPesquisa empíricaAdministração de empresasDesempenho - MediçãoGestão da qualidade totalAdministração financeira - Brasil