Precisamos falar sobre transição energética justa, segura e sustentável no Brasil

Resumo

The 21st century will be marked by the transition of energy as one of the key challenges to sustainable development, as it involves structural changes in energy production systems and consumption to achieve security, equity, and sustainability of energy. In this sense, the Brazilian case shows an energy scenario made up of opportunities and challenges that require adequate planning given its mainly renewable energy matrix, notwithstanding that it is still dependent on fossil sources in strategic sectors. Energy is a complex sector, and the design and implementation of public policies for the energy transition must respond to regulatory, geopolitical, and socioeconomic issues. Launched in 2024, the National Energy Transition Policy (Política Nacional de Transição Energética - PNTE) is a regulatory framework designed to drive Brazil towards a cleaner and more sustainable energy matrix. But its effectiveness relies on unambiguous implementation mechanisms, financing and more efficient governance, to be overseen by both private and public actors. Other topics mentioned are Brazilian energy transition, geopolitics, energy security, sustainability, and energy transition. We will present a case study on the National Energy Transition Plan (PNTE) and analyze the directions and challenges that it sets out toward a justice energy transition in Brazil. These factors include sector governance with and the need for greater integration of energy climate policy; the role of both the state and the private sector in sector governance; and the socioeconomic challenges posed by the transition. An important conclusion of the article is that an effective governance will be cornerstone for Brasil to be a global benchmark in energy transition, along with technological innovation and infrastructure incentives. Also, it draws attention to the need for planning future energy needs as per the new consumption patterns and growing usage of AI.

Ficha do documento

Tipo

Dissertação

Ano

2025

Instituição

Fundação Getulio Vargas

Fonte

Repositório da FGV

Idioma

Português

Acesso

Acesso aberto

Identificador

oai:repositorio.fgv.br:10438/36989

Temas

Políticas PúblicasInfraestruturaGovernançaMeio Ambiente

Palavras-chave

Transição energéticaSegurança energéticaGovernança energéticaSustentabilidadeGeopolíticaEnergy transitionEnergy securityEnergy governanceSustainabilityGeopoliticsAdministração de empresasRecursos energéticos - BrasilEnergia - Fontes alternativasPolítica energética