Como atuam nossos representantesanálise da representação substantiva das deputadas e deputados federais eleitos em 2022 para as bancadas da BA, MG, RJ e SP

Resumo

In a legislative context marked by the underrepresentation of marginalized groups, this brief examines the performance of federally elected deputies in 2022 through an analysis of the content of legislative proposals introduced during the first year of the legislative term (2023), as well as their participation in strategic positions within the Chamber of Deputies, taking into account their profiles and trajectories. The research on legislative proposals focuses on understanding their potential impact on the groups under study – namely, the Black population, women, persons with disabilities and neurodivergent individuals, LGBTQIA+ populations, Indigenous peoples, quilombola communities, riverine populations, incarcerated populations, and people experiencing homelessness. Based on an analysis of bills (PLs), bills of supplementary law (PLPs), and constitutional amendment bills (PECs) introduced by legislators elected in Bahia, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo, 520 proposals with the highest potential impact on these groups were examined. These proposals were classified according to their normative orientation (whether favorable or unfavorable to these groups) and their potential impact (structural or incremental), enabling an analysis of both the direction and depth of the initiatives presented. When analyzing the profile of sponsoring legislators – considering markers of race/ethnicity, gender, ideological positioning, and political capital – the results show that legislative production is not homogeneous. There is a concentration of proposals aimed at these groups among representatives who themselves belong to marginalized segments of society. The study also reveals a predominance of incremental proposals, suggesting a tendency toward gradual advancements rather than structural transformations. Additionally, it identifies distinct patterns in how proposals are formulated according to different types of political capital held by legislators, indicating that their trajectories may influence the content of the initiatives they introduce. Finally, we analyze the racial/ethnic and gender composition of strategic positions within the Chamber of Deputies - such as the Executive Board and Standing Committees - considering legislators from all federative units. Our analysis shows that, despite the relevance of legislative activity by certain groups, such as Black women and Black men, they remain underrepresented in these spaces. This disconnect between legislative production and the occupation of strategic positions suggests that, although certain groups are central in proposing agendas aimed at marginalized populations, their limited access to internal decision-making arenas within the legislature may constrain their ability to translate such proposals into effective change.

Ficha do documento

Tipo

Relatório

Ano

2026

Instituição

FGV Direito SP

Fonte

Repositório da FGV

Idioma

Português

Acesso

Acesso aberto

Identificador

oai:repositorio.fgv.br:10438/39314

Palavras-chave

RaçaGêneroRepresentação substantivaDemocraciaEleiçõesGrupos minorizadosPropostas legislativasCâmara dos DeputadosDireitoCiência políticaDeputados federais - BrasilBrasil. Congresso Nacional. Câmara dos DeputadosMinoriasGoverno representativo e representaçãoEleições - Brasil - 2022