As políticas para atração de investimento estrangeiro diretoestudo de caso sobre as empresas suíças no Brasil

Resumo

This study aims to examine how public policies designed to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) are formulated in Brazil, using as a case study the experience of Swiss companies established in the country since the beginning of the twentieth century, with a continuous presence from pioneering initiatives such as ABB, founded in 1912, to the present day. The theoretical framework organizes definitions and classifications of FDI and discusses how institutional factors, regulatory predictability, financial depth, and human capital shape investment attraction and the generation of externalities. The choice of the Swiss case is justified because it represents a critical case for assessing the extent to which higher-quality investments depend on domestic institutional conditions to produce structural effects. The hypothesis guiding this study is that, in the case of multinationals such as Swiss firms — whose FDI profile is considered desirable due to its technological intensity, long-term productive integration, and potential to generate spillover effects — the insufficient qualification of these investments does not stem from a lack of financing or from the absence of industrial policy instruments, but rather from structural shortcomings in the Brazilian institutional environment, especially with regard to coordination among its various actors. In this sense, the question this study seeks to answer is: why does Switzerland, which has one of the most highly qualified investment profiles in the world, fail to internalize innovation in Brazil? To understand the main drivers and perceived obstacles to the expansion of these investments, and to reflect on policies oriented toward desirable FDI, the study adopts an anonymous online survey/questionnaire administered to senior representatives of Swiss companies already established in Brazil, identified through a public list from the Swiss–Brazilian Chamber of Commerce (SWISSCAM). The results suggest that factors such as regulatory predictability, institutional coordination, and the quality of the business environment are perceived as relevant to reinvestment decisions, while barriers such as tax complexity, regulatory uncertainty, and shortcomings in federative coordination appear among the main challenges identified by respondent companies. The perceptions collected also indicate a critical assessment of how existing policies are articulated with respect to retention and reinvestment. Based on these findings, the study proposes recommendations focused on strategic targeting, strengthening aftercare mechanisms (post-establishment support aimed at retention and reinvestment), and proposing a Service Level Agreement (SLA) linked to the Investment Single Window, operating as a practical, performance-oriented instrument for attracting, retaining, and upgrading FDI in Brazil

Ficha do documento

Tipo

Dissertação

Ano

2026

Instituição

Fundação Getulio Vargas

Fonte

Repositório da FGV

Idioma

Português

Acesso

Acesso aberto

Identificador

oai:repositorio.fgv.br:10438/39947

Temas

Políticas PúblicasAdministração Pública

Palavras-chave

Investimento estrangeiro diretoAmbiente institucionalPolíticas de atração de investimentosSuíça-BrasilIEDSurveyForeign direct investmentInstitutional environmentSwitzerland-BrazilFDIAdministração públicaInvestimentos estrangeirosPromoção industrialEmpresas - SuíçaBrasil - Relações econômicas exteriores - SuíçaSuíça - Relações econômicas exteriores - Brasil