Impacto do modelo de gestão no saneamento básico no Brasiluma análise comparativa atualizada do desempenho dos prestadores públicos e privados (2021)

Resumo

The debate over the efficiency of public versus private management in Brazilian basic sanitation is central, particularly following the New Legal Framework (Law 14,026/2020). This dissertation analyzes the comparative performance of public (local and regional) and private service providers using 2021 data from the National Sanitation Information System (SNIS). The methodology employs Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) to estimate the effect of ownership on 14 performance indicators, controlling for socioeconomic and regional variables. Results indicate that private management is associated with superior investment and financial performance, alongside a counterintuitive finding of lower average tariffs. Conversely, local public providers excel at universalizing access to services. A critical finding is the inferior performance of private management on service quality indicators. Robustness analysis reveals strong regional heterogeneity, with private providers performing substantially worse in the Northeast. The study concludes that no single management model is uniformly superior; instead, a performance specialization exists, where regional context and population size are crucial moderators. It contributes by updating the post-New Legal Framework landscape, identifying a structural shift in investment, and providing evidence for robust regulation and selective, context-aware privatization policies.

Ficha do documento

Tipo

Dissertação

Ano

2026

Instituição

Fundação Getulio Vargas

Fonte

Repositório da FGV

Idioma

Português

Acesso

Acesso aberto

Identificador

oai:repositorio.fgv.br:10438/38372

Temas

PPPConcessõesInfraestruturaDesenvolvimento RegionalAdministração PúblicaDados

Palavras-chave

Saneamento básicoPrivatizaçãoDesempenho comparativoRegulação econômicaAnálise de eficiênciaNovo marco legal do saneamentoBasic sanitationPrivatizationComparative performanceEconomic regulationEfficiency analysisNew legal framework for sanitationAdministração públicaSaneamento - BrasilPrestação de serviçosParceria público-privada