Elite política em movimentoministros de Estado e Poder Executivo na Primeira República

Resumo

The subject of this research is the national political elite of the First Republic (1889-1930). The question was approached from the accomplishment of a prosopographic study of the ministers of State. The information was obtained from biographical information repositories. The objectives were: a) to describe the geographic and socioeconomic origin, the educational and career paths, the social and political networks and the political behavior of the members of the political elite that integrated the institutional spaces of the Executive Power; b) verify the correlations between the rise and replacement of political elites and the construction, consolidation, tensions and crisis of the oligarchic system; c) to analyze particularly the relationship between the political elite and the issues arising from the construction of the State, the dynamics of federalism and the consolidation and development of national republican institutions; d) define the place of the political elite of the Executive Power in the correlation of institutional forces of the republican regime. We conclude that the national political elite of the First Republic had its own characteristics, and was not just a continuity of the imperial political elite. This transformation maintained a dialectical relationship with the political processes of state building, federalism and the development of institutions. So that while the political elite influenced decision-making and the very face of the regime, it was inversely shaped by the regime. The analysis highlighted the nature of this relationship by demonstrating the correlation between two processes. On the one hand, the rationalization and specialization of the State, the gradual reinforcement of the Executive Power and the convergence of disputes and tensions between the states-actors of oligarchic federalism to the institutional space of the Executive Power, in particular the ministries. On the other hand, the diversification of higher education and the occupations of ministerial staff and the creation of career paths with an executive profile. The argument is original in attributing to the transformation of the political elite, focusing not on the negotiations that preceded the campaigns or the exercise of the presidency themselves, but on the ministries, the search for greater integration of power and the monopolization of the Executive Power that characterized the final years of the regime, led to its crisis and replacement in 1930.

Ficha do documento

Tipo

Tese

Ano

2022

Instituição

Fundação Getulio Vargas

Fonte

Repositório da FGV

Idioma

Português

Acesso

Acesso aberto

Identificador

oai:repositorio.fgv.br:10438/33149

Palavras-chave

Elite políticaMinistros de EstadoProsopografiaPrimeira RepúblicaPoder ExecutivoPolitical eliteMinisters of stateProsopographyFirst RepublicElites políticas - BrasilBrasil - História - República Velha, 1889-1930