Redução tarifária e produçãoanálise do efeito da redução tarifária sobre a produção de produtos inseridos na lista de exceções à tarifa externa comum do Mercosul entre 2016 e 2018

Resumo

This paper tested the possible relationship between tariff reductions and the production of specific products, using as a parameter the Mercosur Common Nomenclature (MCN) code, which has a high degree of disaggregation. The assumption is that trade liberalization stimulates firm productivity by exposing them to foreign competition and access to cheaper and more diversified inputs and technologies. Design/methodology/approach – The main information was obtained by observing the evolution of the production of NCM codes and other indicators, such as production values, average price, quantity of companies producing and quantity of imports, extracted from Electronic Invoices - (NF-e) of sales in the national territory, in the period between 2016 and 2020. All four NCMs that had the import tax rate zeroed in the period were analyzed. Findings – The results indicate that only NCM 3808.69.90 (insecticides) could present a positive relationship between import tax exemption and domestic production. For the other products (NCM 2905.11.00 - methanol, NCM 3001.20.90 - pharmaceutical, NCM 8479.50.00 - industrial robots) no evidence was found that the tariff reduction increased domestic production. Research limitations/implications – It was considered that the only variable capable of altering the production of the selected NCMs in the studied period would be the TEC variation, since the evaluation of other variables with an impact on production would not make the work feasible. Practical implications – The present study will make it possible to advance in the establishment of metrics to project more reliable estimates of the impacts of the tariff reduction, in addition to offering a new understanding to the academic literature on the economic effects on domestic production. Social implications – The dissertation contributes to the debate on the effects of trade liberalization on the Brazilian economy, and suggests the need for more detailed studies on the production chains of the products analyzed. Originality – The hypothesis that the reduction of import tax increases domestic production, as far as is known, has never been tested for product categories using the NCM, which makes the study innovative and with more reliable results.

Ficha do documento

Tipo

Dissertação

Ano

2023

Instituição

Fundação Getulio Vargas

Fonte

Repositório da FGV

Idioma

Português

Acesso

Não informado

Identificador

oai:repositorio.fgv.br:10438/33962

Temas

Dados

Palavras-chave

Redução tarifáriaLiberalização comercialTarifa externa comumNomenclatura comum do MercosulEmpresas - ComercializaçãoProdutos comerciais - Classificação - Países do Cone SulMERCOSUL (Organização)