“Paradiplomacia da resistência”a reação subnacional à política (anti)ambiental de Bolsonaro

Resumo

Historically, disagreements between Brazilian federated bodies within the scope of paradiplomacy are rare. However, Jair Bolsonaro’s political agenda (2019-2022), based on questioning the liberal international order, led to a major fracture in the understandings established between state and federal governments regarding subnational governments’ international action. Some member states, going against the federal executive branch, started to cooperate directly with foreign entities as they identified, in radicalized speeches and denialist actions, harmful dynamics to state governments – with loss of financial resources or erosion of local public policies. We call this phenomenon “resistance paradiplomacy”. It can be seen in various fields of the political agenda, especially in the field of environmental preservation. Following the far-right guideline and with the support of agribusiness, the Bolsonaro government classified the climate issue as a Marxist and secondary agenda. The article analyzes the actions taken by state governments in response to the questions posed by international actors about deforestation rates and forest burning, and the reactions to the loss of financial resources provided by other countries. By engendering a breach with this anti-policy, we conclude that state governments used paradiplomacy to moderate the federal position, thus seeking to come closer to global environmental governance.

Ficha do documento

Tipo

Artigo científico

Ano

2024

Instituição

Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Ipea)

Fonte

Repositório do Ipea

Idioma

Português

Acesso

Acesso aberto

DOI

10.38116/bepi37art2

Identificador

oai:repositorio.ipea.gov.br:11058/13242

Licença

Licença Comum

Abrangência

Brasil

Temas

Políticas PúblicasGovernançaMeio Ambiente

Palavras-chave

Meio Ambiente e EcossistemasParadiplomaciaGovernança ambiental global