Factores de crisis o resiliencia de proyectos de integración política en LatinoaméricaSica-Unasur (2014-2021)

Resumo

This article comparatively examines the trajectories of the Union of South American Nations (Unión de Naciones Suramericanas – Unasur) and the Central American Integration System (Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana – Sica) in the context of political crises and transformations of Latin American regionalism since the midst of the 2010s. Drawing on a three-level analytical framework – international, national, and regional –, the study analyzes the conditions under which regional mechanisms collapse or manage to endure under similar structural pressures. Through a qualitative approach based on documentary review, legal instruments, and specialized literature, it argues that regional resilience does not depend solely on ideological convergence among governments, but rather on the articulation between structural national demands, regional institutional density, and socialized international pressures. The case of Unasur illustrates the simultaneous absence of these factors, which facilitated its dismantling, whereas Sica demonstrates the interconnected presence of national coalitions with economic incentives and a sectoral institutional framework capable of operating beyond presidential cycles.

Ficha do documento

Tipo

Artigo científico

Ano

2026

Instituição

Ipea

Fonte

Repositório do Ipea

Idioma

Espanhol

Acesso

Acesso aberto

DOI

10.38116/rtm40art11

Identificador

oai:repositorio.ipea.gov.br:11058/20768

Licença

Licença Comum

Abrangência

América Latina; 2014 - 2021

Temas

Desenvolvimento Regional

Palavras-chave

Integração RegionalCriseRegionalismoInstituciones regionalesCrisisLatinoaméricaSicaUnasurF International Economics::F5 International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy::F50 GeneralF International Economics::F5 International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy::F55 International Institutional ArrangementsF International Economics::F0 General::F02 International Economic Order and IntegrationInstituições regionaisSistema da Integração Centro-Americana (Sica)União de Nações Sul-Americanas (Unasul)RegionalismRegional institutions