As faces da pobreza rural extrema em estratégias de redução na América Latinaum retrato brasileiro, paraguaio e equatoriano da década de 2010

Resumo

This thesis aims to analyze the potential and limitations of the strategies for the reduction of extreme rural poverty that were implemented in Latin America in the 2010s, specifically in Brazil, Ecuador, and Paraguay. This double focus on both the potential and the limits came about with the discovery that, after a significant reduction in both rural poverty and extreme rural poverty in several countries in the region, these phenomena have again increased, in an unfavorable economic scenario, which has been observed since 2014. Based on the constructionist approach, the central aspect of which is an attentive look at the various forms of socially engendered rural poverty and their implications, rural poverty was considered a social construct produced by different theoretical approaches that stemmed from various drivers and were derived from demographic and/or territorial characteristics. The main transformations to have taken place in the Latin American, rural scenario since the 1950s were identified from a bibliographic survey, these are the main themes from which poverty has been discussed within the rural development of the region. Some of these themes became key concepts, coordinating public actions and programs to help reduce extreme rural poverty in the 2010s. Through case studies we analyzed the Brazilian strategy - the “Strategy of Rural Productive Inclusion” from the Brazil without Extreme Poverty Plan -, the Ecuadorian – “Buen Vivir Rural” Program - and the Paraguayan – “Sembrando Oportunidades” Program. The results show that, based on the key concept of ‘Productive Inclusion’, the Brazilian strategy considered extreme rural poverty to be a problem concerning access to essential goods and technical assistance services. Meanwhile, in the Ecuadorian strategy, based on 'Food Sovereignty' and 'Territorial Development', this phenomenon was considered a problem related to coordination and organizational strengthening. The Paraguayan strategy, also based on 'Productive Inclusion', although combined with the idea of attitude change, conceived of extreme rural poverty as a problem of individual skills, proving to be a reduced interpretation within the poverty debate.

Ficha do documento

Tipo

Tese

Ano

2019

Instituição

Fundação Getulio Vargas

Fonte

Repositório da FGV

Idioma

Português

Acesso

Acesso aberto

Identificador

oai:repositorio.fgv.br:10438/27771

Palavras-chave

Extreme rural povertyPoverty reductionLatin AmericaNational programsPobreza rural extremaRedução da pobrezaAmérica LatinaProgramas nacionaisAdministração de empresasAmérica Latina - População rural - Condições sociaisPobreza rural - América LatinaAmérica Latina - Política socialBrasil - Política socialParaguai - Política socialEquador - Política social